Hello Paula,
Welcome to Atlassian Community!
Per your tags, you are using JIRA Server, right? Also, I believe you have clicked to completely delete the task under the three dots menu (More) of the issue view, is it correct?
If that's the case, you can only restore a task if you have performed a backup before the deletion of the task.
Basically, If your team have the habit to perform periodic backups and one of them was performed before the task deletion, it can be easily restored, however, it will also bring the instance back to what it was when the backup was generated, losing all the data update after that time.
That being said, if you just want to get the information containing in that task, ideally you could upload your backup to another clean JIRA instance, export it to CSV and import it back to your prod instance.
You can check more information about it in the documentation below:
Backing up data
Let me know if this information helps.
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