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A board is a view of a set of issues, so the simple answer is "set up your boards to select what you want to see on them"
If you own a board, this is, of course, a doddle. But for boards you are not the admin on, you have to ask the admins to make changes. There is every chance that the teams who own the boards have no interest in showing the issues you think you want to see on them, so they are rightly never going to make those changes. Remember that boards are intended to be useful for the teams that work off them, not personally customised (but there is, of course, absolutely no harm in creating your own boards for your team of "just me")
Your quick filter looks perfectly good to me, all I can tell you about it is that it's not returning any issues because none on the board match it. There are no issues in your four projects assigned to the three people you've named (in the current sprint, or moved past backlog if it's a Kanban board)
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