It's pretty much "use Confluence to 'publish' stuff". Confluence is designed to be a place that people write stuff for showing to other people.
You don't need to train people to read it any more than you need to train them to read web pages hosted on other systems. When someone says "how do I ...?", then the answer is "here's a Confluence page on it, feel free to click around and look at other stuff".
JIRA and the other Atlassian tools are a different matter, as their data is more structured than a page of human writing, and they can be harder for a new user to understand.
For project data, most of the stuff you're going to want to share with people outside your team is going to be JIRA data (as it's a tracker). The best thing to do with that is create Confluence pages that draw in the data and select and shape it in a way that suits the audience. Confluence has JIRA macros and can embed some dashboard gadgets too, it's well worth looking at them.
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