After banging my head off the desk for multiple hours I finally figured out that the instructions here https://confluence.atlassian.com/bitbucketserver/lockout-recovery-process-776640158.html are slightly incorrect.
The file needs to be edited to add set in front of the argument or the bitbucket will fail to launch after the modification.
set "JVM_SUPPORT_RECOMMENDED_ARGS=-Datlassian.recovery.password=temporarypassword"
The feedback button doesn't work at the bottom of the screen either so this was the only way I could figure out to let anyone know.