Non-ASCII characters appearing as question marks only when downloading all attachments.
those characters appear correctly in the page and when downloading separately.

Following the troubleshooting article, i tried to run the encoding test and checked database collation and character set.
here is the result.
encoding test
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>> File was written successfully
Detect whether the file system is mangling the file name when it is saved
>> the file name has been mangled
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database collation and character set
all are utf8mb4_bin
the troubleshooting article:
https://confluence.atlassian.com/doc/troubleshooting-character-encodings-167194.html
Many thanks if could provide any help