Are the queries, filters, dashboards updated, after a bulk move from an issue type to another?

[Nic Brough -Adaptavist-]

Yes.  When you change an issue, whether it's a single edit or a bulk-edit (including move, edit, transition etc), JIRA re-indexes the issues affected.

If a user has a page open with a dashboard report or query open, it won't be refreshed with changed data, but the next time they use it, it will re-read the issues and hence work off the newly indexed data.

[Vasiliy Zverev]

Unfortunatelly no. 

You can use this SQL to get issues with changed issuetype

Select
	project.pkey + '-' + CAST(jiraissue.issuenum as varchar(20))
	, changeitem.*
	, changegroup.*	
from
	changeitem
	join changegroup	
		join jiraissue	
			join project	on jiraissue.PROJECT	= project.ID
		on	changegroup.issueid = jiraissue.ID
	on	changeitem.groupid = changegroup.ID
where
	changeitem.FIELD like 'issuetype'
order by
	changegroup.CREATED asc