In theory, yes - but it may not be a simple "point and click" solution. Atlassian provide an open sourced tool for migration, but they don't support it:
https://migrations.atlassian.net/wiki
and here are the notes about MediaWiki specifically https://migrations.atlassian.net/wiki/display/UWC/UWC+Mediawiki+Notes
I'm assuming if you can export MediaWiki into the right format for Confluence Cloud, you can then import.
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